Ondansetron
GENERIC NAME
Ondansetron
TRADE NAME
Zofran
DESCRIPTION
Ondansetron (Zofran) is primarily used to treat nausea and vomiting. It is a serotonin receptor antagonist that effectively blocks the vomiting reflex. The duration of action is approximately 8 hours.
HOW SUPPLIED
- Ampule: 4 mg / 2 ml
- Orally Disintegrating Tablet (ODT): 4 mg tablet (scored)
INDICATIONS
- Nausea
- Vomiting
CONTRAINDICATIONS
- Hypersensitivity or allergy to Ondansetron
- Do not administer to children under 1 year of age
- Do not administer to pregnant patients in their first trimester
MECHANISM OF ACTION
Ondansetron blocks serotonin receptors in the central nervous system, preventing the vomiting reflex and reducing nausea.
SIDE EFFECTS
- Headache
AUTHORIZATION
EMT: Adult: IM injection or ODT PO; Pediatric: ODT PO
AEMT: Standing order
Paramedic: Standing order
DOSAGE
| Patient Type | Route | Dosage | Maximum Dosage |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adult | IV/IO/IM/PO (ODT) | 4 mg | 4 mg per dose |
| Pediatric ≥ 1 year | IV/IO/IM | 0.15 mg/kg | Max 4 mg per dose |
| Pediatric (Weight 8–15 kg) | PO (ODT) | 2 mg (split 4 mg tablet on score line) | 2 mg |
| Pediatric (Weight 16–36 kg) | PO (ODT) | 4 mg | 4 mg |
| Pediatric < 1 year | Not authorized | N/A | |
Administration Notes:
- For IV/IO administration, give over 2–5 minutes to prevent rapid onset side effects.
- ODT (Orally Disintegrating Tablet) should be placed on the tongue and allowed to dissolve without chewing or swallowing whole.
- Monitor for signs of headache, which is the most common side effect.
- Use caution in pediatric patients and adjust dosage based on weight.